• Analysing methodological choices in calculations of embodied energy and GHG emissions from buildings 

      Nygaard Rasmussen, Freja; Malmqvist, Tove; moncaster, alice; Houlihan Wiberg, Aoife Anne Marie; Birgisdottir, Harpa (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2017)
      The importance of embodied energy and embodied greenhouse gas emissions (EEG) from buildings is gaining increased interest within building sector initiatives and on a regulatory level. In spite of recent harmonisation ...
    • Existing benchmark systems for assessing global warming potential of buildings – Analysis of IEA EBC Annex 72 cases 

      Rasmussen, Freya; Trigaux, D; Alsema, E; Balouktsi, Maria; Birgisdottir, Harpa; Bohne, Rolf André; Dixit, M; Dowdell, D; Francart, N; Frischknecht, Rolf; Foliente, Greg; Lupisek, Antonin; Lutzkendorf, T; Malmqvist, Tove; García Martínez, A; Ouellet-Plamondon, C; Passer, Alexander; Peuportier, B; Ramseier, L; Satola, Daniel; Seo, S; Szalay, Z; Wiik, Marianne Rose Kjendseth (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2022)
      Life cycle assessment (LCA) is increasingly being used as a tool by the building industry and actors to assess the global warming potential (GWP) of building activities. In several countries, life cycle based requirements ...
    • GHG emissions from building renovation versus new-build: incentives from assessment methods 

      Zimmermann, Regitze Kjær; Barjot, Zoé; Nygaard Rasmussen, Freja; Malmqvist, Tove; Kuittinen, Matti; Birgisdottir, Harpa (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2023)
      A variety of life cycle assessment (LCA) calculation methods and rules exist in European countries for building performance evaluation based on new-build. However, the increased focus on the retention and renovation of the ...
    • IEA EBC Annex 57 ‘Evaluation of Embodied Energy and CO2eq for Building Construction’ 

      Birgisdottir, Harpa; moncaster, alice; Houlihan Wiberg, Aoife Anne Marie; Chae, Chang-U; Yokoyama, Keizo; Balouktsi, Maria; seo, Seongwon; oka, Tatsuo; Lutzkendorf, Thomas; Malmqvist, Tove (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2017)
      The current regulations to reduce energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions (GHG) from buildings have focused on operational energy consumption. Thus legislation excludes measurement and reduction of the embodied ...
    • Widening understanding of low embodied impact buildings: Results and recommendations from 80 multi-national quantitative and qualitative case studies 

      Moncaster, Alice M; Rasmussen, Freja Nygaard; Malmqvist, Tove; Houlihan Wiberg, Aoife Anne Marie; Birgisdottir, Harpa (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2019)
      This paper publishes the results from a major five year International Energy Agency research project which investigated the reduction of embodied energy and greenhouse gas emissions over the whole life (‘cradle to grave’) ...